The Colloid Base

Sales management is an integral sub-system of marketing management. It translates the marketing plan into marketing performance. Sales management is hence described as the muscle behind marketing management. The sales manager in a modern organization holds a multitude of responsibilities. He has to plan, direct and control the personal selling effort of the firm. His task does not stop with the achievement of sales quotas. He is also responsible for bringing in the required profits. In addition, he is also responsible for creating the desired image for the company and its products. In fact, a modern sales manager has to do marketing rather than mere selling.

His firm expects him to assume a much larger role than the traditional responsibility of achieving sales quotas. It expects him to be customer-oriented as well as profit-directed. Sales managers set sales goals for their sales teams and bear the brunt of the responsibility for achieving the set goals. They assist the firm in measuring market potential and in developing sales forecasts and sales budgets. In addition, they have to develop the sales program and achieve the forecasted sales by implementing the program.

It is the responsibility of sales managers to build the sales organization. They are required to ensure that the sales organization is maintained in trim condition, capable of effectively implementing the personal selling program of the firm and sales policies and strategies of the firm. In addition, sales managers are also required to provide assistance in planning the other aspects of the marketing program, like product mix, pricing, distribution, advertising and sales promotion.

Sales managers foster an atmosphere for the growth of the firm. In addition, they assist the firm in the management of change. In a dynamic market, customer preferences and competitive forces are constantly changing; so too are technology and marketing methods.

Sales costs increase rapidly. In managing all these changes, the firm depends largely on the sales management.

Performance Management provides detailed information on Employee Performance Management, Manufacturing Performance Management, Marketing Performance Management, Performance Management and more. Performance Management is affiliated with Job Performance Appraisals.

Switchgrass has long been a staple crop of farmers. It is used as fodder for farm animals, fuel, and electrical needs, as a buffer strip and soil erosion control.

However, when President Bush introduced The Biofuels Initiative during his 2006 state of the nation address, he moved this native prairie grass’ use as an energy crop to the forefront.

The Biofuels Initiative is a critical part of the president’s advanced energy initiatives. It seeks to reduce the country’s dependence on foreign oil suppliers by more than 75% of oil imports by 2025.

The aim is to accomplish this with the use of non-food based biomass, such as agricultural waste, trees, forest residues, and perennial grasses specifically switchgrass to produce energy fuels.

When distilled switchgrass produces ethanol, an alcohol that fuels vehicles. Currently ethanol is blended at a ratio of 15 percent to 85 percent of gasoline and sold as E-85.

Switchgrass or Tall Panic Grass is a short rhizomatous plant. It is highly adaptable for it can be planted in different parts of the country of varying climate conditions. It is also drought resistant.

From planting to care and harvesting, it costs less energy to produce biofuel from switchgrass.

Harvest semi-annually
Switch is a perennial crop, which means it can be harvested twice a year for close to 10 years, before the crop has to be replanted. It also grows fast, absorbs the solar energy, and turns this energy into cellulose. Ethanol is extracted from the cellulose by means of distillation.

High yield per acre
Results from among 19 BFDP (Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program) research sites on both the Eastern and Central United States have shown that switchgrass can be harvested at 15 tons an acre. When distilled into ethanol, this yields 1,500 gallons of ethanol an acre. When averaged on a six-year basis, this means a yield of 115,000 of gallons of ethanol from each acre.

Cost efficient
Results from a study undertaken by the University of California Berkeley, has found out that it takes more energy to produce gasoline than it does to produce ethanol.

Multiple uses
Expected advances in gasification technologies will yield other useful fuels: diesel fuel, methane gas, and methanol.

Environmentally Friendly
Switchgrass poses no danger to the soil’s fertility as it even adds organic matter.

Switchgrass has an intricate system of stems and roots. This system reaches into the deeper parts of the soil to hold on to it, stopping soil erosion.

Switchgrass are reliable buffers. Farmers plant these grasses along wetlands and steambanks to filter out pesticides and to prevent these dangerous chemicals from entering the water supply.

Switchgrass removes carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and puts these back in the soil. Fossil fuels, on the other hand release huge amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere, increasing air pollution and worsening the greenhouse gas effects.

Financially rewarding
It costs less to grow switchgrass. When you add government tax incentives and grants raising switchgrass will be as profitable as extracting fossil fuels.

These are the present disadvantages of using switchgrass as the main source of biofuels.

The need to improve pretreatment technologies
Current technologies are not efficient in extracting higher yields from switchgrass. R&D efforts should correct this.

The need to allocate land for switchgrass
Is there available agricultural land to plant switchgrass? A system must be set in place to ensure there is land for both switchgrass and food crops.

The use of switchgrass as an energy crop is decidedly viable from the economic, production, and environmental aspects.

However, the success of switchgrass as an energy crop will depend on these key factors: government policies and funding, R&D efforts, technological innovations and vehicle efficiency.

This article was written by Article Authors
for this Switch Grassjewelry site

You probably know someone who has successfully quit smoking with hypnotherapy or hypnosis. But how about EFT? As a hypnotherapist with 5 years’ experience helping others quit, I can see a future when EFT will be the mothod of choice. So why EFT and what is so special about it?
EFT is short for Emotional Freedom Techniques. It involves gently massaging certain acupressure points whilst repeating phrases designed to free you from a bad feeling. In this case, the bad feeling would be the smoking craving. Hence the “Freedom” part of the name.

Whether smoking cravings are purely emotional or not is subject to debate. I have certainly pushed the boundaries of this method for many physical conditions, and as a trained biochemist, I would seriously challenge anyone to define the dividing line between the emotional and the physical. As a matter of fact, many acupuncturists recommend acupuncture to allow the body to rebalance itself after quitting smoking. And the acupressure points that we use in EFT are the endpoints of the main acupuncture meridians. Only instead of using needles, we stimulate these points by a tapping sort of massage. We tap, usually with two fingers, on the area, thereby stimulating these meridians.

So what is different about the effect of having EFT from the effect of having acupuncture? Well, with EFT, your mind is asked to bring up a bad emotional state so that the acupressure will release you from that bad emotion. It is like the mind is the office cleaner, who goes into the office unobtrusively and takes out the rubbish/garbage for the council/municipality cleaners to take away. These workers in turn come and remove the refuse and it is no longer in your office. Your office is then clean.

And why use EFT instead of hypnotherapy? Because the effect of helping your physical body as well as your mind makes for a very strong combination. Although you can have EFT in hypnosis, this entails the practitioner speaking at a slower rate than using standalone EFT. With standalone EFT, because the practitioner can carry out the treatment at a much faster pace, they can get more done in the same amount of time. In other words, the treatment with EFT reaches further and goes deeper.
I estimate that within the next five years, EFT will have replaced hypnotherapy as the method of choice for quitting smoking. And when ex-smokers-to-be ask for a recommendation to help them stop, they will be asking for a good EFT Practitioner. I look forward to that day.

My name is Suzanne Zacharia and I am committed to spreading the word about health options. I believe that the more and better options one has, the more choice there is. A virus caught along with 5 other students at university at the end of 1986, along with medical negligence, meant that I got smokers lung at a relatively young age. In desperation for help with my symptoms and quality of life, I turned to complementary therapy, and this is the 10th year I have outlived one doctor’s prognosis.
I am now a complementary therapist, author and trainer specialising in “energy” therapy. My company is called New Age London, more details via the links below.

http://www.NewAgeLondon.com

http://www.EFTLondon.co.uk

http://www.EFTCourse.co.uk